Thursday, May 16, 2013

Different types of Surveying

What is surveying ?
 
Surveying is nothing but The measurement of dimensional relationships, as of horizontal distances, elevations, directions, and angles, on the earth's surface especially for use in locating property boundaries, construction layout, and mapmaking is basically called surveying in engineering language.

Different  types of Surveying
 

Tuesday, May 14, 2013

Different types of lines

Basic tips for civil engineering  drawing

Now we are going discus one of the important part of  Civil Engineering  drawing . If you see any drawing you may find different types of line. These lines are differently named and classified.   Types of lines include the following:
visible – are continuous lines used to depict edges directly visible from a particular angle.
hidden – are short-dashed lines that may be used to represent edges that are not directly visible.
center – are alternately long- and short-dashed lines that may be used to represent the axes of circular features.
cutting plane – are thin, medium-dashed lines, or thick alternately long- and double short-dashed that may be used to define sections for section views.
section – are thin lines in a pattern (pattern determined by the material being "cut" or "sectioned") used to indicate surfaces in section views resulting from "cutting." Section lines are commonly referred to as "cross-hatching."
Civil Engineering Line Type
phantom - (not shown) are alternately long- and double short-dashed thin lines used to represent a feature or component that is not part of the specified part or assembly. E.g. billet ends that may be used for testing, or the machined product that is the focus of a tooling drawing.


Lines can also be classified by a letter classification in which each line is given a letter.
Type A lines show the outline of the feature of an object. They are the thickest lines on a drawing and done with a pencil softer than HB.
Type B lines are dimension lines and are used for dimensioning, projecting, extending, or leaders. A harder pencil should be used, such as a 2H.
Type C lines are used for breaks when the whole object is not shown. They are freehand drawn and only for short breaks. 2H pencil
Type D lines are similar to Type C, except they are zigzagged and only for longer breaks. 2H pencil
Type E lines indicate hidden outlines of internal features of an object. They are dotted lines. 2H pencil
Type F lines are Type F[typo] lines, except they are used for drawings in electro technology. 2H pencil
Type G lines are used for centre lines. They are dotted lines, but a long line of 10–20 mm, then a gap, then a small line of 2 mm. 2H pencil
Type H lines are the same as Type G, except that every second long line is thicker. They indicate the cutting plane of an object. 2H pencil
Type K lines indicate the alternate positions of an object and the line taken by that object. They are drawn with a long line of 10–20 mm, then a small gap, then a small line of 2 mm, then a gap, then another small line. 2H pencil

How to be civil engineer?


If you want to be a civil engineer, you must have been completed this course (Internationally)




ENG10757 - Applied Mechanics: Statics

ISY00241 - Environmental Information Management

CHE00201 - Chemistry

ENG10759 - Applied Mechanics: Dynamics

PHY10760 - Introductory Physics for Engineers

MAT10719 - Calculus

ENG10758 - Engineering Project

MAT10720 - Linear Algebra

ENG20001 - Structural Mechanics

MAT10251 - Statistical Analysis

ENG30003 - Hydrology and Introductory Hydrologic Analysis

AGR00215 - Water and Catchment Management

AGR00214 - Soil Processes

MAT10721 - Multivariate Calculus and Differential Equations

ENG20002 - Engineering Disciplines and Engineering Construction

ENG20004 - Traffic Engineering

ENG30002 - Soil Mechanics

ENG20003 - Concrete Technology and Analysis

ENG30001 - Fluid Mechanics